http://www.nitrc.org/forum/forum.php?forum_id=5697 <table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"/></tr></table> <p><b>Individualized real-time fMRI neurofeedback to attenuate craving in nicotine-dependent smokers.</b></p> <p>J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2015 Oct 20;41(1):140200</p> <p>Authors: Hartwell KJ, Hanlon CA, Li X, Borckardt JJ, Canterberry M, Prisciandaro JJ, Moran-Santa Maria MM, LeMatty T, George MS, Brady KT</p> <p>Abstract<br/> BACKGROUND: Cue-induced craving plays an important role in relapse, and the neural correlates of cue-induced craving have been elucidated using fMRI. This study examined the utility of real-time fMRI (rtfMRI) neurofeedback to strengthen self-regulation of craving-related neural activation and cue-reactivity in cigarette smokers.<br/> METHODS: Nicotine-dependent smokers were randomized to rtfMRI neurofeedback or to a no-feedback control group. Participants completed 3 neuroimaging visits. Within each visit, an initial run during which smoking-related cues were used to provoke craving, an individualized craving-related region of interest (ROI) in the prefrontal cortex or anterior cingulate cortex was identified. In the rtfMRI group, activity from the ROI was fed back via a visual display during 3 subsequent runs while participants were instructed to reduce craving during cue exposure. The control group had an identical experience with no feedback provided.<br/> RESULTS: Forty-four nicotine-dependent smokers were recruited to participate in our study; data from the 33 participants who completed a 1-week follow-up visit were included in the analysis. Subjective craving ratings and cue-induced brain activation were lower in the rtfMRI group than in the control group.<br/> LIMITATIONS: As participants were not seeking treatment, clinical outcomes are lacking.<br/> CONCLUSION: Nicotine-dependent smokers receiving rtfMRI feedback from an individualized ROI attenuated smoking cue-elicited neural activation and craving, relative to a control group. Further studies are needed in treatment-seeking smokers to determine if this intervention can translate into a clinically meaningful treatment modality.<br/> </p><p>PMID: 26505139 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]</p> en-us Copyright 2000-2026 NITRC OSI Sun, 03 May 2026 23:05:37 GMT http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss NITRC RSS generator