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  <title>NITRC News Group Forum: high-spatio-temporal-resolution-in-functional-mri-with-3d-echo-planar-imaging-using-cylindrical-excitation-and-a-caipirinha-undersampling-pattern.</title>
  <link>http://www.nitrc.org/forum/forum.php?forum_id=7824</link>
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	&lt;table border=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot;/&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=pubmed&amp;amp;cmd=Link&amp;amp;LinkName=pubmed_pubmed&amp;amp;from_uid=28905414&quot;&gt;Related Articles&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
        &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;High spatio-temporal resolution in functional MRI with 3D echo planar imaging using cylindrical excitation and a CAIPIRINHA undersampling pattern.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;          
        &lt;p&gt;Magn Reson Med. 2017 Sep 14;:&lt;/p&gt;
        &lt;p&gt;Authors:  van der Zwaag W, Reynaud O, Narsude M, Gallichan D, Marques JP&lt;/p&gt;
        &lt;p&gt;Abstract&lt;br/&gt;
        PURPOSE: The combination of 3D echo planar imaging (3D-EPI) with a 2D-CAIPIRINHA undersampling scheme provides high flexibility in the optimization for spatial or temporal resolution. This flexibility can be increased further with the addition of a cylindrical excitation pulse, which exclusively excites the brain regions of interest. Here, 3D-EPI was combined with a 2D radiofrequency pulse to reduce the brain area from which signal is generated, and hence, allowing either reduction of the field of view or reduction of parallel imaging noise amplification.&lt;br/&gt;
        METHODS: 3D-EPI with cylindrical excitation and 4 × 3-fold undersampling in a 2D-CAIPIRINHA sampling scheme was used to generate functional MRI (fMRI) data with either 2-mm or 0.9-mm in-plane resolution and 1.1-s temporal resolution over a 5-cm diameter cylinder placed over both temporal lobes for an auditory fMRI experiment.&lt;br/&gt;
        RESULTS: Significant increases in image signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and temporal SNR (tSNR) were found for both 2-mm isotropic data and the high-resolution protocol when using the cylindrical excitation pulse. Both protocols yielded highly significant blood oxygenation level-dependent responses for the presentation of natural sounds.&lt;br/&gt;
        CONCLUSION: The higher tSNR of the cylindrical excitation 3D-EPI data makes this sequence an ideal choice for high spatiotemporal resolution fMRI acquisitions. Magn Reson Med, 2017. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.&lt;br/&gt;
        &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;PMID: 28905414 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]&lt;/p&gt;
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