Enhanced Identification of BOLD-like Components with Multi-Echo Simultaneous Multi-Slice (MESMS) fMRI and Multi-Echo ICA.

Neuroimage. 2015 Mar 2;

Authors: Olafsson V, Kundu P, Wong EC, Bandettini PA, Liu TT

Abstract
The recent introduction of simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) acquisitions has enabled the acquisition of blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data with significantly higher temporal sampling rates. In a parallel development, the use of multi-echo fMRI acquisitions in conjunction with a multi-echo independent component analysis (ME-ICA) approach has been introduced as a means to automatically distinguish functionally-related BOLD signal components from signal artifacts, with significant gains in sensitivity, statistical power, and specificity. In this work, we examine the gains that can be achieved with a combined approach in which data obtained with a multi-echo simultaneous multi-slice (MESMS) acquisition are analyzed with ME-ICA. We find that ME-ICA identifies significantly more BOLD-like components in the MESMS data as compared to data acquired with a conventional multi-echo single-slice acquisition. We demonstrate that the improved performance of MESMS derives from both an increase in the number of temporal samples and the enhanced ability to filter out high-frequency artifacts.

PMID: 25743045 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]